ABSTRACT
Background: To analyze the efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine in people living with HIV (PLWH).Methods: A total of 143 PLWH were included in the study. All patients were confirmed with HIV-1 infection. We also enrolled 50 healthy individuals vaccinated with two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine as controls. A commercially available magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay kit was used to detected serum IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2.Findings: Serum levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG were significantly higher in the control group than in the PLWH group (P=0.001). Overall, 76% of individuals in the control group achieved IgG seroconversion after vaccination compared with 58% in the PLWH group (P=0.024). The time after vaccination in IgG seronegative PLWH was significantly longer compared with PLWH with IgG seropositive (43.38 ± 34.96 vs 30.27 ± 20.12 days, P=0.005). In PLWH with IgG seropositivity, CD4+ T cell counts before antiretroviral therapy (ART) (P=0.015) and at IgG detection (P<0.001) were higher. Multivariable analysis indicated CD4+ T cells at IgG detection (OR=1.004, P=0.006) and time after vaccination (OR=0.977, P=0.014) were independently associated with humoral response in PLWH after vaccination. Neutralizing antibody (NeuAb) titers in PLWH against wild type SARS-CoV-2 were similar compared with the Control group (P=0.160). The proportion of seropositive NeuAb against wild type SARS-CoV-2 were also similar (95% in Control group vs 97% in PLWH group, P=0.665). Similar results were obtained when NeuAb were detected against the delta variants with similar titers (P=0.355) and with similar proportion of humoral response (P=0.588). All side effects observed in our study were mild and self-limiting. There was no significant difference in occurrence of side effects in the control and PLWH groups. Interpretation: The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine appears to be safe with good immunogenicity in PLWH.Funding: This study was supported by Clinical Research Startup Program of Southern Medical University by High-level University Construction Funding of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education (No. LC2016PY003).Declaration of Interest: None of the authors have competing interests to disclose.Ethical Approval: The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Nanfang Hospital (NFEC-2021-178).
Subject(s)
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes , HIV Infections , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Objectives To understand the mental health status of frontline nurses who were in direct contact with patients with confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their tolerance for work duration and work intensity during the COVID epidemic, to identify the greatest source of stress, and to provide a scientific basis for targeted psychological interventions performed by clinical nursing managers to improve nurses' mental health. Methods Using a purposive sampling method, a semistructured interview was conducted with 50 nurses working in the COVID ward, observation ward, and fever clinic of a COVID-19 designated treatment hospital in Hefei City. The interview data were sorted and analyzed using the Colaizzi phenomenological research method. Results The frontline nurses felt stress, anxiety and loneliness, interpersonal distress, and psychological needs and had certain expectations regarding work duration and work intensity. Conclusion Nursing managers should pay attention to the psychological needs of frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients, provide targeted intervention measures and make timely adjustments, and create a psychological stress response model for these nurses.